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  • 三分钟Docker安装搭建MySQL8最新版主从架构
  • 准备与目标
  • 开始搭建
  • 配置主从同步
  • 验证主从同步

三分钟Docker安装搭建MySQL8最新版主从架构

虽然我们常说MySQL这种有状态的服务不适合容器化部署。但现实中我们接触的大部分项目都属于小型项目,QPS可能不过百。这个时候Docker对于数据库的性能损耗其实完全可以无视。本文就来教大家如何三分钟搭建MySQL主从。

准备与目标

我们需要准备两台内网互通的Linux机器 两台服务器都需要做以下准备工作

  1. 关闭防火墙
  2. 两台服务器提前安装好Docker
  3. 创建对应目录
mkdir -p /data/mysql-cluster/conf
mkdir -p /data/mysql-cluster/data

本文中我的机器

  • 主服务器,内网ip 10.0.4.9
  • 从服务器,内网ip 10.0.4.15

开始搭建

在主服务器执行 主库配置 vim /data/mysql-cluster/conf/my.cnf

[mysqld]
server_id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin
read-only=0
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-ignore-db=sys
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
replicate-ignore-db=performance_schema
binlog_format=STATEMENT
#binlog_format=ROW
#binlog_format=MIXED
default-time-zone='+08:00'
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci

[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4

主库容器

[root@master ~]# docker run --name mysql-cluster-master -d -p 4306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -v /data/mysql-cluster/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /data/mysql-cluster/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf mysql:8.0.31-debian

在从服务器执行 从库配置vim /data/mysql-cluster/conf/my.cnf

[mysqld]
server_id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
read-only=1
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-ignore-db=sys
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
replicate-ignore-db=performance_schema
default-time-zone='+08:00'
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci

[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4

从库容器

[root@slave1 ~]# docker run --name mysql-cluster-slave1 -d -p 4306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -v /data/mysql-cluster/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /data/mysql-cluster/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf mysql:8.0.31-debian

配置主从同步

进入主库容器

[root@master ~]# docker exec -it mysql-cluster-master bash

root@c1a3c08ed656:/# mysql -proot

mysql> create user 'slave1'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave1'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

查看主库状态

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |      831 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

进入从库,并执行同步语句: 需要注意下面命令中master_hostmaster_log_filemaster_log_pos这几个字段需要改成你刚刚在主库看到的值

[root@slave1 ~]# docker exec -it mysql-cluster-slave1 bash

root@0fb246a42a89:/# mysql -proot

mysql> change master to master_host='10.0.4.9', master_user='slave1', master_password='123456', master_port=4306, master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003', master_log_pos=831;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 9 warnings (0.03 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)

你还可以在从库上使用下面的命令查看同步状态

show slave status\G

如果发现 status 中有任何错误,你需要马上终止从库同步:

stop slave;

排查完原因后, 可能需要重置同步:

reset slave;

重新 start slave 后当看到如下显示说明成功了:

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event
                  Master_Host: 10.0.4.9
                  Master_User: slave1
                  Master_Port: 4306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1016
               Relay_Log_File: 0fb246a42a89-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 511
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql,sys,information_schema,performance_schema
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1016
              Relay_Log_Space: 728
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 2fb556a9-8e80-11ed-8bd5-0242ac110002
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
       Master_public_key_path: 
        Get_master_public_key: 0
            Network_Namespace: 
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

验证主从同步

进入主库,并创建一个test数据库

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

进入从库

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

我们可以看到从库也有test这个数据库了,大功告成!